For many summer residents, the gazebo is the "number one point" in the matter of decorating their own site. It helps to make the area near the house more interesting as well as practical, as a place automatically appears for a summer holiday or tea with guests. This article describes the process of creating a wooden gazebo with your own hands step by step. At the same time, special attention is paid to the selection of materials and tools for work.

Types of wooden arbors

Modern arbors can differ among themselves in many aspects. Some people prefer to install simple square gated buildings on their site, which serve as a platform for relaxing and meeting guests. Such designs are hidden from strangers, which is very convenient if you want to talk face to face. Others turn arbors into real works of art, highlighting the decorative, rather than practical, design. The final result depends primarily on the drawing, as well as the selected materials.

In shape and design

In modern landscape design, part of which are garden arbors, there are various types and forms of this design. It can be open or closed (depending on the amount of wood coating), and also often differs in the number of angles. Increasingly, summer residents pay attention to the original hexagonal or octagonal options, moving away from the usual square arbors. Round designs are also popular. If you have the correct drawing and materials, the creation of each of them will not be a problem.

Separately, there is a belvedere, which is a summer-type building, installed necessarily on a hill or a hill. The review of such an arbor is always circular. Pergolas are mounted next to pools and other bodies of water - open-type multi-tiered frame structures.

Did you know? The first arbors began to be made in Ancient Egypt 2000 years BC. e. At that time, it was an advantage of the pharaohs who decorated them with marble, gold and various precious stones.

By material

The main advantages of wooden buildings in the country are their strength, durability, as well as environmental friendliness, which is extremely important in modern life. Since installation does not imply anything complicated, it is possible to produce structures of various shapes and sizes. Wood also has its drawbacks, for example, instability to the effects of fire, moisture, and insects. You can eliminate these disadvantages by processing the board with special tools. You can use different types of wood to create a gazebo: oak, cedar, beech, etc.

The main types of materials used should be considered:

1. Profiled beam - This material has high strength, which allows it to be used in the construction of baths, arbors and other outbuildings. The second advantage is that over time it does not change in appearance (does not rot, does not warp). The percentage of shrinkage after the completion of the construction process is very low. Due to the high heat preservation rate, the use of profiled timber is recommended when building enclosed gazebos. For the manufacture of profiled timber, mainly such species as oak, pine, linden, eucalyptus are used. The latter material has a rather pleasant specific odor.
2. Block house - This is lumber, which is used mainly for sheathing the finished frame. It has a semicircular shape, therefore, in the finished form, this design is somewhat reminiscent of a real rural log cabin. This design is going to be quite simple, and also has excellent thermal insulation indicators, so it will be possible to gather for a tea party in a similar room even in cold windy weather.
3. Tongue and groove board - this material is no different from the block house in terms of technical indicators, but has a different appearance. Such wood does not have a semicircular cut, but is absolutely flat. The material is fastened to the frame using spikes and grooves located on the sides of the board.
4. Carved board - ordinary wood can easily be turned into a real work of art if it falls into the hands of the master. Pergolas with various patterns look very beautiful and even fabulous, especially if they are later painted or opened with dark varnish. Carved railings or shutters look very original. But you should not waste your time on this, since beautiful and intricate patterns for beginners are beyond the power. It is better to order individual items from a professional.

Whatever material you choose to create a homemade wooden gazebo, it is imperative to complete the processing of raw materials. This ensures the durability of the structure and its resistance to water or insects. For this, parts of the holiday house are impregnated with an antiseptic for wood, then they are primed and the next day they are coated with resistant paint for facades or varnished. Some experts recommend simply waxing the surface, which will take more time, but also create a dense protective layer.

How to build a gazebo made of wood with your own hands

When you have already managed to determine the materials for the gazebo, as well as its shape and style, it is worth moving on to more specific actions: preparing the site for a holiday house, creating a drawing and direct construction work.

Site selection and preparation

When choosing a place, special attention should be paid to the purpose for which the arbor is being installed:

• territory decor;
• a place for meeting guests and relaxing;
• summer terrace for regular tea parties with the whole family;
• a house for barbecue and barbecue frying by big noisy companies.

The place under the arbor must be cleaned of debris, branches and tall grass. Optimally, if the site is just plain bare soil.

If the gazebo is built primarily for meetings with guests and feasts, you should not place it too close to the apartment building so that the noise does not interfere with the relaxation of individual households, for example, young children or, conversely, older people. In addition, such structures should be erected close to the kitchen, so that you can easily carry ready-made meals and set the table. Decorative arbors are best placed next to flower beds or small gardens. This will help to create an interesting landscape drawing.

The main criteria for choosing a place for the gazebo should be the following factors:

• lack of closely located groundwater;
• flat surface (not necessarily a ravine, so that the spring does not flood the site with meltwater);
• remoteness from farm buildings, sheds or toilets.

Did you know? In ancient China, gazebos were also very popular. True, there was absolutely no attention paid to the rich appearance, making them from simple bamboo, because these rooms served as a place for meditation.

Necessary tools and materials

To create a wooden gazebo, you will definitely need a number of building materials and tools. They must be prepared in advance so as not to be distracted by trips to the store during the design process.

The main tools include:

• hair dryer;
• paint brushes, putty knife;
• planer, jigsaw and grinder;
• a hammer, nails, a set of wrenches of different sizes;
• a drill or a few shovels (in case the first one breaks);
• water level, tape measure;
• screwdriver;
• sand paper (for wood stripping);
• building cord (so that the marking is done smoothly).

Separately, it is worth purchasing construction materials that will definitely be needed during the construction process:

• crushed stone, cement and sand (in the event that it will be decided to build a gazebo with a foundation and floor);
• wooden boards for covering the floor and walls (lining, block house);
• timber;
• formwork board;
• material for roof sheathing (metal tile, corrugated board, etc.);
• roofing material (for waterproofing the floor);
• paint or varnish on wood (for decorative work).

Drawing

Arbors themselves can be varied. Recently, more and more often began to design houses for recreation of non-standard shapes and sizes with separate sections for barbecue and barbecue. In this case, it is especially important to pay attention to the project before starting the direct construction.

The development of any construction project includes the creation of a sketch not only in the profile, but also in the frontal projections. In this case, it is necessary to mark the dimensions of the future gazebo, the height of individual racks, the type of roof, the place where windows, doors and even furniture will be located (if it is stationary, not portable). If you plan to additionally install a fence around the gazebo, this is also prescribed in the project.

First of all, lay out the foundation and the roof. Be sure to note in the drawing all the technical nodes, which implies rafters, steps, reinforcing racks. A separate item in the drawing is the wiring. That is why, if you want to place beautiful lanterns around the gazebo or make lighting in the house itself, all this should be written down in details in the sketch before the start of construction work. The same applies to the water supply, which is found in arbors for recreation much less often.

If you think that your capabilities in engineering leave much to be desired, it is worth entrusting the question of creating a drawing to a professional, but construction work can already be done independently. It will cost less than ordering a team, but at least you will be sure of the developed plan. You can also use ready-made drawings from the Internet, where everything is calculated literally up to a millimeter, and all the necessary materials are painted.

Important! Buy materials with a margin, because sometimes among them there is a marriage, which is not always possible to find on the spot, in the store. This is especially true for nails, self-tapping screws, timber.

Such sketches are needed primarily in order to be able to perform work in stages, without releasing anything from attention. In addition, a detailed description of the materials and tools used will help you plan your budget and avoid additional costs.

Step-by-step construction

Creating a gazebo is a rather complicated process, starting from the drawing of a plan and ending with construction work. But if the procedure is clearly defined, then the process of step-by-step construction of a house for rest will take only 2-3 days. Experts recommend checking in advance whether all the necessary materials and tools are available at home (preferably with a margin of purchase) so as not to interrupt the construction process due to a lack of screws or battens.

Foundation construction

When it has already been possible to develop a project for a future gazebo (independently or jointly with a professional engineer), you should get permission to carry out construction work. The main criterion in this case is the compliance of the design with the requirements of SNiP. This includes the remoteness of the building from the apartment building, and the presence of fencing from neighbors. If the arbor is portable (less common), then with a resolution the question is not so strict, since it can always be moved to the right place.

In the case when it is planned to build a stationary structure, it is imperative to initially lay the foundation, the type of which will completely depend on the soil in this area, as well as on the size of the arbor itself.

If you plan to build a multi-tiered arbor, while the soil is quite saturated with moisture, it is recommended to fill in a monolithic concrete layer under the foundation. If you decided to install the gazebo on marshy or moving soils, the pile installation method is more suitable. Experts also recommend the use of a columnar type of foundation if it is planned to create a small-sized construction of a closed type. Well, for large log buildings, a tape shallow base is more suitable.

Before installing the pillars for fixing the foundation, you need to dig holes under them and lay them out with bricks. In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to the level: so, the last row of brickwork should coincide with the line of the earth's surface. Before you start laying out the brick, you need to take care of the presence of a thick pillow of crushed stone and sand, which fill the bottom of the pit.

Important! The distance between the supports should be no more than 2 m. The recesses for them are typically square in shape and reach a depth of 0.5 m.

To make the line of laying the brick layer as smooth as possible, a hydraulic level is used. Reinforcing bars, which are placed directly in the corner posts, will give additional density to the foundation structure. It is they who will further strengthen the laying of the floor. Depending on the size of the future gazebo, the result should be at least 9 support columns: 1 of them is placed in the center, 4 - at the corners of the building. An additional 4 supports are intermediate and act as insurance. Their number may increase if you plan to build a large gazebo.

Experts advise during construction to additionally waterproof the foundation so that the floor does not sag and rot over time. This is especially important if you plan to build an open type gazebo. For this purpose, a double layer of roofing material is used.

Bottom harness

To make the base of the gazebo, use small square bars (10 × 10 cm). In total, they need 5 pieces (one central and 4 corner). Small holes are drilled in them, just to fix them on the reinforcement, which rises above the surface of the supporting posts. The bars can also be interconnected using the “half-tree” technique, which significantly increases the reliability and strength of the structure.

Frame and upper harness

To build a solid frame for the future gazebo, it is necessary to use strong logs with a length of approximately 2.5 m (cross-section is 10 × 10 cm). It is worth paying attention that the surface of the bars should be absolutely smooth. To do this, it can be additionally cleaned using an electric planer.

After this, you need to make sure that there are cuts on the rafters, with which the rails will be attached to the future roof. The thickness of these openings depends entirely on the size of the slats used. At the corners of the structure there is an armature protruding from the floor, on which pillars must be mounted. For this, holes about 1 cm in diameter are made in their ends. It is important to ensure that the supports are installed evenly, that the arbor is as strong as possible, and all the joints coincide.

This can be checked using the usual level. In addition, you can initially fix the position of the supports with rough braces, then measure right angles and use a finishing bar at the end. After this stage is completed, the arbor is lined with a clapboard or block house. After fixing the casing, it is necessary to take care of the drains so that water does not flow into the gazebo. Open areas of the gazebo, which are not lined with solid wood, can be decorated with openwork wooden slats and simple planks.

Floor

The gazebo can be designed with or without a floor. In the latter case, the gazebo is simply installed on the prepared site, where there is asphalt, paving stone or tile. Such buildings are built much faster, because they do not require additional foundation.

If it was decided to erect a gazebo together with a floor covering, then this can only be done after the foundation has been completely strengthened so as not to disturb the structural strength. To install the floor you will need a standard set of tools (level, drill, saw and hammer), a set of nails, a wooden beam, boards.

It is optimal to make the floor in the gazebo square or rectangular, because there are no additional problems with accurately measuring the length of the boards and the angle at which they need to be laid out. Initially, a beam is installed around the perimeter of the future floor. The board is fixed due to the reinforcement protruding from the flooded foundation. After that, lags are attached every 35 cm. It is very important that the floor is as even as possible, without any inclinations to one or the other side. It is for this purpose that a level must be used throughout the entire laying process. At the end, the floor is sheathed with boards, which is the easiest stage of this process.

Roof

In order to build a strong and reliable roof, you will need to initially form a structure of beams connected crosswise. In order to hold the frame as firmly as possible, it is fixed using the “half-tree” technology. To do this, cuts should be made along the edges of the boards so that they coincide with similar openings on the supports. To achieve maximum strength, an additional connecting bar is additionally used.

Important! If a large amount of snow constantly falls in your climate zone in winter, then the roof needs to be strengthened additionally. In addition to the central support pillar, it is also worthwhile to install lateral, between the corner supports.

When the structure was able to be attached to the supports, it is necessary to tie the railing and poles. The roof is laid on the finished frame, for which the laying of the “half-wood” bars is also used. In the middle of the cross, a small beam of about 9 × 9 cm is attached. Slots are made in it to attach the first 2 slats.

The installation of such a beam in the center of the structure increases the strength of the roof as a whole, since it acts as a support column. It is worth noting that this design should be assembled on the ground. Only when the first pair of rafters will be attached to the beam, and after it the second pair in the plate, only then the frame can be transferred to the roof. When all the necessary strips are installed and connected to the central pillar, you can cover the roof with the selected material, for example, metal tiles or profiled sheets.

Decoration and decoration

There are practically no problems with the selection of furniture for quadrangular arbors. The design allows you to purchase standard items that can be found in any furniture store. If the building has an unusual shape, then the hardware will either have to be ordered, or also made independently.

Wooden benches, tables and chairs decorated in antique style will look very interesting in the decor. Next to the gazebo, you can additionally make lights: install flashlights or hang decorative garlands. In this case, all electrical wires must be hidden under a reliable corrugated cap, which will prevent the circuit and fire of the system.

Portable furniture, such as summer sun loungers, folding chairs and tables, will fit very well into the overall interior of the gazebo. Wicker chairs will complement the overall picture very well. Window sills, according to the recommendations of designers, can be decorated with interesting vases with fresh flowers. Bright pillows will also look original in the interior of a wooden gazebo. It is not necessary to clutter up the space with small details, as this will create a sense of clutter. The space should be as free and airy as possible.

Often the owners of such arbors decide to build a small fence around the structure in order to zone the site. This is a good idea, but with its implementation it is worth paying attention to the following nuances: the fence itself can be either continuous or lattice. It depends on the personal preferences of the owner. In the first case, you can use complete sheets of a block house or lining.

To create a more interesting design, use individual balusters and railings. They can be combined in the form of regular geometric shapes or you can create a drawing according to the type of abstraction. At the same time, the standard height of wooden fences does not exceed 60–65 cm, so as not to interfere with the view. You can also replace the wooden fence with a beautiful flower border or hedge.

A self-made gazebo will become a real symbol of peace and comfort. If during the construction of this design to comply with all the recommendations provided in the article, then you can easily organize the best place for family vacations and receptions.

Watch the video: How to Build a Pergola. Mitre 10 Easy As (November 2024).